小升初英语语法大全(一)

名 词

表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判

断，以免受误导。

1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：

a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读，浊辅音和 元音后读[z]。

b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。

c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。

d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。 e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况 1）有生命的+es 读音：[z]

如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2) 无生命的+s 读音：[z]

如：photo-photos

radio-radios

f. 不规则名词复数： policewoman-policewomen,

snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量

词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice 判断步骤：

↗如是am、is或was→原形 读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词

↘如是are或were→加s或es 练一练：

1、写出下列各词的复数。 I

_________ him

_________ this

_______

her photo

______ ________

watch diary

_______

mango_______child

_______ man-men,

woman-women,

policeman-policemen,

______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______

sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________

2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

（1）Are there two( box ) on the table?

（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema. （3）How many ( day ) are there in a week? （4）Here’re five( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you. （5）This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.