习语选粹
1. Abandon oneself to something — allow onself to be completely controlled by something, especially passions or impulses. — 完全屈服于……；陷入…… Example: Tom tried and tried but failed again and again. Finally, he abandoned himself to despair.
2. Abase oneself — make oneself humble. — 降低自己的身分 Example: In ancient times, people of low social status often abased themselves in the presence of an influential or powerful person.
3. Abide by something — observe or follow something. — 遵守某事 Example: When you play a game, you must abide by the rules and regulations concerned.
4. Back a/the wrong horse — put one's faith in someone who later loses or something which fails. — 下错了赌注；支持输家 Example: The manager backed a wrong horse by giving the much-coveted job to Jack, who turned out to have a criminal record.
5. Back away (from doing something) — move away (from doing something) because of dislike or fear. — 因害怕或厌恶而后退 Examples: 1. The cat backed away as the stranger raised his hand to hit it. 2. In the face of strong opposition, the government has backed away from increasing taxes.
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6. Call forth/out something — cause something to be seen or used. — 使某事物出现；引出某事物 Examples: 1. Lily's outward appearance was so attractive that it called forth admiration from every man in the office. 2. Difficulties in life may call out a person's good qualities not easily seen in good life.
7. Call in someone/something — ask someone to come. — 请某人来 Example: Please call in my family doctor. — request the return of something. — 下令收回某物 Examples: 1. The banks have called in all the old one-dollar notes. 2. A Japanese car maker has called in some cars with engine faults.
8. Dab hand at (doing) something, a — clever at (doing) something. — (做)某事的能手 Example: As Susan is a dab hand at interior design, let her decorate the new apartment for you.
9. Dabble in something — play with water by moving one's hands and feet about. — 涉水 Example: The children enjoyed dabbling in the river water after the rain. — do things in a half-serious manner. — 涉猎；浅尝辄止 Example: Sean does not like stamp-collection but only dabbles in it at his leisure.
10. Had better — it would be wise to. — 最好 Example: You had better go home before rain comes.
11. Haggle over/about something — argue in an attempt to fix a price on
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something. — 讨价还价 Examples: 1.Mrs Li haggled with the storekeeper over the goods she was buying. 2. I seldom haggled about the food price when I found it reasonable.
英语赠言(Words of Advice)
1. For New Year
I hope you have a most happy and prosperous(大吉大利） New Year.
To wish you joy at this holy season. Wishing every happiness will always come to you!
With many good wishes for the holidays and the coming year!
Wishing you happiness during the holidays and throughout the New Year.
Season's greetings and warmest wishes for a bright and happy New Year!
May everything beautiful be condensed（融合） into this card. and I sincerely with you happiness, cheerfulness.
The greatest happiness in life is to feel peaceful; The greatest happiness in life is to possess friends. May you have all happiness in your life.
May fortune smile upon you and favor you with many blessings（祝福）!
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A beautiful wish to you and your family --- live a happy life and everything goes well.
At such a wonderful moment, I send you a gentle and warm care and wish: May every day be brilliant for you!
Rich blessing for health and abundant happiness（福多） in my wish for you in the coming year!
May you come into a good fortune!
2. For Birthday
With best wishes for a happy birthday.
Each birthday is a milestone we touch along life's way.
May every special happiness fill this day for you and may the year bring everything you look forward to.
Happy birthday, on this year special day, may gladness fill your every hour with joy to light your way.
May your memories today be warm ones. May your dreams today be dear. May your joy last through the year. Have a wonderful birthday!
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May your life be brighter as each birthday comes and goes, with new happiness unfolding（绽开） like the petal（花瓣） of a rose. have a wonderful birthday!
The golden key to happiness, to health and fortune, too. This greeting symbolizes（象征） all three of these for you.
Sunny, bright, delightful, warm and wonderful, too--- That's the kind of birthday this wish is wishing you!
Whatever dream you're dreaming, may each one of them come true; whatever plans you're making may they all work out for you. Happy birthday!
Love is always my fight to you. Happy birthday!
Roses, sweet and fragrant, sent to you to say, may each hour be a happy one on this special day. Have a happy birthday!
To love is nothing. To be loved is something. to love, and be loved, is everything.
May you have many, many happy birthday and always keep loveliness and charm.
Wish you all happiness, health and prosperity（事业发达） with many many returns of the day.
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Please accept my gift for your birthday, not for its own value, but for the sake of the thoughts it represents.
A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.
3. For Wedding
Matches are made in heaven
A happy marriage is a new beginning of life, a new starting pint for happiness and usefulness.
Nothing in life is as good as the marriage of true minds between man and woman.
A happy marriage is the best thing life has to offer.
Treasure the love you receive above all. It will survive long after your gold and good health have vanished.
Be kind to one another. This is the Golden rule of marriage and the secret of making love last through the years.
I know some good marriages--Marriages where both people are just trying to get through their days by helping each other, being good to each other.
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The key stone to any marriage is one word: \"WE\".
For there is nothing better in this world than that a man and woman, sharing the some ideas, keep house together.
May you two always be in love! May happiness increase with age.
Best wishes to a wonderful pair for love and joy and happiness to share.
May hour hopes and dreams come true and may the years ahead be filled with happiness for you.
To the bride and groom love and happiness, love and always.
Congratulations to the groom, best wishes to the bride. May your path be long and filled with joy.
May your marriage be the beginning of a new period of domestic happiness.
May the love you've discovered as husband an wife grow richer and deeper each day of your life!
A successful marriage requires falling in love many many times.
A married couple are well suited when both partners usually feel the need for a quarrel at the same time.
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Mind, not body, makes marriage lasting.
Successful marriage demands a certain death to self.
4. For Classmates
Congratulations on your graduation! Whishing you a future filled with success and joy of seeing your dreams come true.
Congratulate you on your graduation and may all your hopes and plans turn to fulfillment and success.
Please add my warmest congratulations to the large chorus（大合唱） of friends acclaiming（喝彩） your graduation.
Here's to the happy graduate for the job you've already done. And here's to a happy future that's a most successful one. Congratulations!
May you have health, happiness and outstanding success in all your ventures（事业）.
Sincere congratulations on this very special day with wishes that life's very best may always come your way.
May an old friend express his pride in you accomplishment（成就） and extend to you a wish for your continued success and happiness.
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May your graduation day be the commencement（开始） of a continued series of upward steps to success.
My friend, I would press you all to my heart.
Boys, be ambitious.
Man can survive, only when he has the substance, man can live only when he has ideal.
Goals determine what you are going to be.
Great hope makes great men.
An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding. Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably（不懈地）.
Man who has a settled purpose will surely succeed.
Follow your own course, and let people talk.
Life is a leaf of paper white, thereon each of us may write his word.
There is a limit to one's youth, but no limit to his wisdom. Draw on the limitless wisdom during the short span of youth.
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Self-reverence, self-knowledge, self-control, these three alone lead life to sovereign（独立的） power.
Life is a flame, not an existence. Life is an energy, not a substance.
To live is to function. That is all there is in living.
5. For Lover and Sweetheart
Life is a flower of which love is the honey.
There is only one happiness in life, to love and be loved.
Whoever lives true life, will love true love.
What's love? Two souls and one flesh; friendship? Two bodies and one soul.
The love that lasts longest is the love that is never returned.
Love doesn't consist in gazing at each other but in looking outward together in the same direction.
In the arithmetic（算术） of love, one plus one equals everything, and tow minus one equals nothing.
I'll love you till the ocean is folded and hung up to dry.
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I love you to the depth and breadth and height, my soul can reach.
For, you see each day I love you more, today more than yesterday and less than tomorrow.
Come, let me love you, let me give my life to you, let me drown in your laughter, let me die in your arms, let me lay down beside you. let me always be with you.
I love you for the sake of what you are, and not of what you do.
Love is love for evermore.
6. For Wife and Husband
One of the oldest human needs is having someone wonder where you are when you don't come home at night.
When we first met we were tow people who loved each other. Now we are one person--- two lives inextricably（不分开地） entwined（缠结） and held by love.
Man's best possession is a loving wife.
Man's best possession is a sympathetic wife.
How much the wife is dearer than the bride.
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A good wife makes a good husband.
The wife is the key of the house.
7. Friend and Colleague
a friend is, as it were, a second self.
There is a friend that sticks closer than a brother.
In prosperity, our friends know us; in adversity（危难时）, we know our friends.
A friend is a gift, whose worth cannot be measured except by heart.
A faithful friend is beyond price, and there is no weighing of his goodness.
The most cherished（珍惜） thing in life is friendship. The most precious thing between us is understanding.
The language of friendship is not words but meanings.
Friendship brings beauty to our days joys to our world.
Cease to struggle and you cease to live.
Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance（坚定不移）.
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One man is no more than another if he does no more than another.
A man, like a watch, is to be valued by his manner of going.
8. For Business and Career
A hard beginning makes a good ending.
Survival of the fittest.
Never was anything great achieved without danger.
The maximum（最大） danger implies the maximum hope.
Great deeds are usually wrought at great risks.
Boldness in business is the first, second and third thing.
Rome was not built in a day.
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
In any contest between power and patience, but on patience.
Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.
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9. For Success and Achievement
Congratulations on your success!
You are worth of success.
Let me offer my most sincere congratulations upon your success.
Please accept my congratulations on your success and my best wishes for your bright prospects.
Congratulations on your success and best wishes always!
Fortune follows effort.
Your diligence combined with your innate（天生的） talent indicate a dynamic future. I wish you all the best in your career.
Congratulations to you and very good wish for your success and happiness in your new position.
The secret of success is constancy to purpose.
To succeed in the world we must look foolish but be wise.
A great secret of success is to go through life as a man who never gets used
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up.
10. For Failure and Setback
Failure is the mother of success.
It is always darkest just before the day dawn.
The miserable have no other medicine but only hope.
In all things it is better to hope than to despair.
If at first don't succeed, try, try, try again.
Preference is falling nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth.
If you fail, make failure a stepping stone to success.
Adversity often leads to prosperity.
The good seaman is know in bad weather.
Affliction（痛苦） and adversity make men better.
He laughs best who laughs last.
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Fortune favors the bold.
For man and master of his fate.
Nothing is difficult for one who strives.
To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield（屈服）.
Adversity reveals genius; fortune conceals it.
Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence（坚持不懈）.
Energy and persistence conquer all things.
11For Gift and Present
Every gift, though it may be small, is in reality great if given with affection.
Small gifts keep friendship alive.
For you, Because you are special.
A gift for someone special from all of us.
Please accept my thanks not only for the beautiful gift but also for the good wishes which you kindly sent with.
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英语中的委婉语
英文euphemism（委婉语）一词系源自希腊语。词头\"eu-\"的意思是\"good\"（好），词干\"phemism\"的意思是\"speech\"（言语），整个字面意义是\"word of good omen\"（吉言）或（好的说法）。一般认为，凡是表示禁忌或敏感事物的含蓄、迂回或动听的言词，均在委婉语之列。
英语委婉语一般可分成两大类：传统委婉语（traditional euphemisms)和文体委婉语stylistic euphemisms。所谓传统委婉语亦称是与禁忌语密切相关的。象生、病、死、葬、性、裸、拉、撒等禁忌事物，如果直接表达，那就是禁忌语，给人的感觉是粗鄙，生硬，刺耳，无礼。反之，如果间接表达，这就是委婉语，给人的印象是典雅，含蓄，中听，有礼。所谓文体委婉语，亦称实际上是恭维话、溢美之词，与禁忌语并无关系。英、美人（尤其是当代美国人）在交际过程中，为了表示礼貌，为了避免刺激，或是为了争取合作，有时会采用夸饰的手法，对一些令人不快的事物以美言相称。
英语委婉语的构成方法各种各样，丰富多彩。一般可分为下面几种类型：构词手段，拼写手段，词汇手段，语法手段和修辞手段等。
（1）合词法（compounding)。如：gezudna(goes+under+“床下放”，即夜壶）。
（2）反成法(backformation) 反成法是通过删除假想中的词缀来构成委婉词。由于这种构词法产词是不大，所以造出的词大多新颖别致，用来代替常见的敏感词，也能收到委婉的效果。如：bugle（盗窃，由burglar[夜盗]盗删去“词尾”而成，用以替代。
（3）首字母组合法(acronym)首字母组合法是将禁忌词语或敏感词语的第一个字母抽
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出来拼合在一起借以掩饰。如：BM(bowel movement,大便）the Big C (癌症）
（4）截短法(clipping)截短法是将一些词语斩头去尾以掩饰。如：gents(Gentlement's Room)（男厕所）lav (lavatory,厕所）
（5）曲读异拼法(phonetic distortion)曲读异拼法是有意将禁忌词语的发音略加变动，借以避讳。如：god, gosh（god 上帝）
（6）压韵替代法(rhyming slang)压韵替代法是利用一些词语与禁忌词语押韵的特点来取而代之。如：sis, (piss 小便）
（7）逆拼法（backslang)逆拼法是将一些禁忌或敏感的单词自后向前拼写，以便避讳。如：elly-bay（belly肚子）
(8）首字母异拼法(respelling of initials)首字母异拼法是将一些禁忌或敏感单词的首字母按照发音拼写出来，效果委婉。如：dee（damn,该死）
(9）标点符号法（punctuation)如：d--（damn该死的）son of a -- (son of a bitch,狗娘养的）
（10）同义词替代法(synonyms)如：slim（苗条的，即skinny，皮包骨头）
（11）借词法borrowing)一般认为，英语中的本族词－盎格鲁撒克逊词－多为平民百姓的口语词，不登大雅之堂。所以很多人，尤其是知识分子和学生都喜欢借用法语词或拉丁词来婉指那些令人尴尬的事物。如：lingerie(内衣 underwear）
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（12）模糊词语法（fuzzy words)。如：affair（事物，即桃色事件）
（13）儿语法(nurseryism)借用儿童用语来充当委婉语。小孩子讲话天真无 邪，如果大人,尤其是中年人模仿儿语，有时效果是既委婉又幽默。如：pee-pee（小便）poo-poo（大便）
（14）反面着笔法(negation)从相反的角度去表达那些令人不快的事物，效果有时会比正面直说婉转些。如：unwise（不聪明，即，愚蠢的）
（15）比喻法(metaphorical transfer)根据禁忌事物的特点，将其描绘成具有相同特点的可以接受的事物。如：go to sleep forever（长眠，即die死去）
（16）借代法(metonymical transfer)用整体来代替那些不便直言的局
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