专业英语四级模拟试卷474(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷474 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. CLOZE 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING

PART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute

1．

正确答案：Opportunity机会 The air we breathe is so freely available that we take it for granted. / Yet without it we could not survive more than a few minutes. / For the most part, the same air is available to everyone, / and everyone needs it. / Some people use the air to sustain them / while they sit around and feel sorry for themselves. / Others breathe in the air and use the energy it provides / to make a magnificent life for themselves. / Opportunity is the same way. It is everywhere. / Opportunity is so freely available that we take it for granted. / Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success. / Opportunity must be seized and acted upon in order to have value. / So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a “ground floor

opportunity”, / as if the opportunity will do all the work. / That’s impossible. / 涉及知识点：听写

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 MIN)Directions: In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.

SECTION A CONVERSATIONSDirections: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文：M: Good morning, Jenny, how is your summer holiday this year?W: Fine. You know, Frank, I just came back from traveling.M: Oh, then where did you go?W: I went to America, the northeast area of that country.M: Really? How did you like it?W: Amazing, the most impressive part was my trip to Washington D.C., there are so many memorials and museums in that city. You know my major is history, this experience gives me a good chance to know more about American history. M: Oh, tell me about it. You know, I have been thinking about going there on holiday next year.

W: Well, first it is worthwhile to go to the National Mall, there you could enjoy the beauty of White House, the Capital Hill, Lincoln Memorial and the National Space Museum, the National Art Museum, and so on. M: En, it sounds good. By the way, I will also go to Philadelphia to visit one of my cousins. Have you been there and where should I go there? W: Yes, I also have been there. In the down town area, you are recommended to go to Liberty House and the tomb of Benjamin Franklin, both of which are closely related to American early history. M: Thanks, I really appreciate your help. Now let’s go to register our courses this term together. W: OK.

2． What may be the relationship between the speakers? A．Colleagues. B．Classmates. C．Relatives.

D．Student and teacher.

正确答案：B 解析：主观推断题。在对话的结尾部分我们可以听到男生要去注册本学期的课程，并邀清女生同去，因此可知答案是B。 知识模块：对话

3． Which of the following is NOT the place in Washington D.C.mentioned by the woman?

A．The White House. B．The National Mall. C．The Capital Hill. D．The Liberty Bell.

正确答案：D

解析：客观细节题。从对话中我们可以听到相关的内容，但是本题即使没有听原文，根据相应的文化地理常识，我们也可以知道the Liberty Bell不在华盛顿而在费城，因此可知答案是D。 知识模块：对话

4． Why does the man want to go to Philadelphia next year? A．Because it is near Washington D.C. B．Because he plans to study there.

C．Because he plans to visit one of his friends there. D．Because he plans to visit one of his relatives there.

正确答案：D

解析：客观事实题。在对话中我们可以听到“By the way I、will also go to Philadelphia to visit one of my cousins．Have you been there and where should I go there．”由此可知答案是D。 知识模块：对话

听力原文：W: First of all, [1] I’d like you to tell me a bit about what you’ve been doing.M: Well, [3] I left school after I’d done my A-levels.W: What subjects did you take?M: French, German and Art.W: Art?M: Well, I really wanted to study Art. But a

friend of my father’s offered me a job—he’s an accountant in the city.W: I see. [2] In your application, you say that you only spent nine months with this firm of accountants. Why was that?M: Well, to be quite honest, I didn’t like it—so I got a place at the Art College a year ago.W: Did your father mind?M: Well, [2] he was rather disappointed at first. He’s an accountant too, you see.W: Have you any brothers or sisters?M: [3] Two brothers, both at school. One’s eleven, the other’s fifteen--taking his O-levels this year.W: Right. What do you do in your spare time?M: I like jazz and folk music; I go to the theater occasionally and act a bit myself. I read quite a lot, and I’ve done a bit of photography. Also, I’ve traveled a lot—hitch-hiked all over Europe.W: Very interesting, Mr. Plant. [1] I think that’s all I wanted to ask about your background.

5． What are the two speakers doing? A．They are having a friendly chat. B．One is interviewing the other.

C．They are talking about each other’s family.

D．One is asking about the other’s family background.

正确答案：B 解析：女士一开始便要求男士讲讲他一直在做什么工作，接着针对男士的情况提了很多问题，最后说到她已经了解了男士的背景，由此可知他们在进行interview，因此选项B正确。

6． Why was his father disappointed at first? A．He had done his first job badly.

B．He had given up his job as an accountant. C．He spent too much time on art.

D．He didn’t do well in the Art College.

正确答案：B

解析：从对话中可以了解男士所从事的会计工作是父亲的朋友介绍他做的，女士问道：“在你的申请书中，你说你只在那家公司做了9个月的会计，为什么?”由此可知他已经辞职，接着男士又提到这让父亲感到失望，因为他父亲也是个会计，因此可知答案为B。

7． What was Mr. Plant’s place in the family? A．He was the bread earner in the family. B．He was the oldest son in the family. C．He was the youngest son in the family. D．He was his father’s favorite son.

正确答案：B

解析：对话中女士问男士是否有兄弟姐妹，男士的回答很明确：“有两个brother，都在上学，一个11岁，一个15岁，后者今年要参加O-level考试。”而从对话开头可得知男士已经left school，而且已经工作了，所以他肯定是家里的

老大，选项B正确。

听力原文：M: I am so relieved I’ve just finished my assignment for my writing course.W: I haven’t yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I really want to have a detective story. But after the first few pages, I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination.W: Well, Prof. Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like that.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But she said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make any sense, sort of warm-up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I get stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for my other courses.W: Well, her method seems to have worked for me. I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need to go to the jewelry store.M: You are going shopping? Now?W: I am going there for my story. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, and where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.

8． What is the conversation mainly about? A．A jewelry store robbery. B．Buying a birthday present. C．Writing a story.

D．Doing research for a class assignment.

正确答案：C

9． What was the woman’s problem? A．Her professor did not like her story.

B．She had trouble finishing her assignment.

C．She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper. D．She was taking too many courses.

正确答案：B

10． What did the professor tell the woman to do? A．To take some extra time. B．To do writing exercise.

C．To do some work for another course. D．To write the story ending first.

正确答案：B

11． Why is the woman going out? A．To go shopping.

B．To do research for her story.

C．To meet with her professor. D．To take a break from her work.

正确答案：B

SECTION B PASSAGESDirections: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文： When was the last time that you were able to make a long-distance call for free? If you said “never”, you probably have not been introduced to VOIP or Voice Over Internet Protocol. But, is this new technology as efficient as its counterpart, analog telephone service? Since the demand for world-wide communication has grown, the internet has become the most popular way of communicating. Although Communication via e-mail seemed to be the cheapest way to do business with those overseas, it wasn’t always the most effective. Verbal communication is the best way to build strong relationships and eventually,” close the deal”. When compared to analog phone service, VOIP is cheaper and has the same quality of service. Since VOIP uses a single network to transfer voice and data, the overall cost per call is cheaper to the service prodder than using two separate networks. When voice and data are transferred together on a single network, the service providers only need to build and maintain one network, thus hire less staff. These companies have also learned to manage both voice traffic and data applications correctly to reduce any sacrifice in quality. Although there is a monthly charge for the service, VOIP phones cost about the same as a regular business phone. With all of its benefits, VOIP should take the place of analog telephone service within a few years.

12． What is this news mainly about? A．The change in the policy of insurance. B．The independent insurance agency market. C．The development of an insurance company. D．The worries of an insurance customer.

正确答案：B

13． What does IA stand for? A．Independent agent. B．Insurance agency. C．Insurance agent. D．Independent agency.

正确答案：A

14． What is the author’s attitude toward the single agent service? A．Critical. B．Doubtful.

C．Positive. D．Indifferent.

正确答案：C

听力原文： People worldwide celebrate New Year in different ways. In Latin America, people express their hopes through the color of their underwear. (18) If you wore yellow, that supposedly enhances your chances for abundance and earning more money. If it was red, then you’re more likely find love in the new year. And if you were wearing white underpants, preferably new and clean, then peace would be your top priority for the coming year. In the Philippines, people eat round fruits to bring good fortune, while they are noisily banging together pots and pans. However, some New Year’s traditions have nothing to do with luck. (19)In Denmark, people throw their old dishes at the doors of their friends’ homes each New Year’s Eve. Thus, a front door step covered with broken plates suggests that the person inside has a lot of friends. Still, for all those who take part in grand New Year’s events, there are many more who make their own traditions. (20) It may be a small gathering of family and friends, watching New York’s Times Square ball drop on TV, or loudly running through the neighborhood. Some may simply go to sleep early, so they can be energized for an early New Year’s Day hike—perhaps while wearing underwear that suits their mood, and wishes, for the new year.

15． People in Latin America wear something______to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.

A．yellow B．white C．red D．new

正确答案：A

16． Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship? A．Eating round fruits. B．Wearing something red. C．Wearing something white. D．Throwing old dishes.

正确答案：D

17． Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one’s own New Year’s tradition?

A．Watching TV at home. B．Visiting friends. C．Going to bed early.

D．Running and shouting outside.

正确答案：C

听力原文： A physician can expect to be called at arty hour of the day or night, wherever he is, whatever he is doing. It’s just part of the job. Dr. Sheeler was no exception. He, however, had received no calls from the Nelson family in quite some time and was a bit surprised when one night, shortly after he had fallen asleep, the phone rang and he heard, “Doctor, this is Jim Nelson. Come right away. My wife is in pain. At first it was not serious, but now the pain is very severe. She just sits here groaning and clutching her side. I’m sure it’s appendicitis.” Recalling what he remembered about the Nelsons, Dr. Sheeler tried to calm the near-hysterical man at the other end of the line. “Now, now, Mr. Nelson, it can’t be all that bad, probably just ind igestion. I’ll come around the first thing in the morning.” “But, doctor, I’m sure it’s her appendix. You’ve got to come now. My wife’s life may be in danger!” “That’s absurd,” the doctor said disapprovingly, now somewhat irritated at the other man’s insistence. “I took your wife’s appendix out two years ago. You know as well as I do that she hasn’t got another one.” “I know that, Dr. Sheeler,” said the sad husband. “But last year I got another wife.”

18． Dr. Sheeler was surprised at Mr. Nelson’s call because A．the new patient should not have known his phone number. B．he seldom called at night.

C．the Nelsons had been very healthy.

D．the Nelsons had not called him for a long time.

正确答案：D

解析：根据问题可知，Mr. Nelson并不是Dr. Sheeler的新病人，故A 很可能不是答案，从而将答案锁定在其他三个选项中。又由...had received no calls from the Nelson family in quite some time...可知答案为D 。

19． Dr. Sheeler was a little ______ when Mr. Nelson insisted that he come. A．fussy B．angry C．anxious D．crazy

正确答案：B

解析：根据题干，考生在听的过程中要特别留意Dr．Sheeler对Mr．Nelson坚持要他去他家这件事的态度和语气。原文中提到...now somewhat irritated at the other man’s insistence，其中irritated意为“恼怒的”，相当于angry，故答案为B 。

20． Why had there been no calls from the Nelsons for quite some time? A．Mrs. Nelson’s appendix had been taken out two years before.

B．Mr. Nelson had divorced his wife and had married another woman.

C．Mr. Nelson had decided not to bother the doctor any more. D．Mr. Nelson’s former wife had been very well recently.

正确答案：B

解析：题目问的是为什么很长一段时间没有接到Nelson家的电话，由原文中提到的But last year I got another wife可知答案为B 。

21． It can be concluded that Mr. Nelson’s former wife A．was often ill. B．seldom got ill.

C．had married another man.

D．had undergone an operation two years before.

正确答案：D

解析：A 和D 表明Nelson先生的前妻身体不是特别好，而B 则是说她身体很好，故在听的过程中要特别留意有关Nelson前妻的身体状况。由Dr．Sheeler提到的I took your wife’s appendix out two years ago可推断出，Nelson先生的前妻两年前做过一次手术，故答案为D 。

SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文： Last year, the UAW signed a new contract with GM that allows the company to hire about 16,000 new workers at half the wage the company currently pays. But to get in the new lower paid workers, GM has to convince current workers to leave. So now it is offering incentives worth up to 140,000 dollars for workers to give up their jobs. UAW president Ron Gettelfinger says he expects between 15 and 20 thousand workers to accept the deals. A GM spokesman says workers will get more details on the buyouts in the coming weeks. They will then have 45 days to decide whether to accept. Similar buyout programs are already underway at Ford and Chrysler.

22． What is the topic of the news? A．Strike of American auto workers. B．Buyout programs in auto industry. C．Prospect of American auto industry. D．Bankruptcy of American auto industry.

正确答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。可从关键句“Similar buyout programs(并购计划)are already underway at Ford and Chrysler”中找到答案。 知识模块：新闻

听力原文： Scientists have created the first device to render an object invisible in three dimensions. The “cloak” hid an object from detection using light of

wavelengths close to those that are visible to humans. Previous devices have been able to hide objects from light traveling in only one direction; viewed from any other angle, the object would remain visible. This is a very early but significant step towards true invisibility cloaks.

23． The “cloak” scientists have invented

A．can keep an object invisible in three dimensions.

B．can hide an object from detection only in one direction. C．is a true invisibility cloak. D．is just a minor achievement.

正确答案：A

听力原文： About 100 million votes were cast by the Internet and cell-phone text messages to choose the new Seven Wonders of the World. The show was held at Portugal’s largest venue in Lisbon. The only site in Europe selected was the Colosseum. The others were: the Great Wall of China, India’s Taj Mahal, Jordan’s ancient city of Petra, the Incan ruins of Machu Picchu. in Peru, Brazil’s Statue of Christ Redeemer, and Mexico’s Chi chert Itza pyramid.

24． How many new wonders are selected? A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。此题较易，原文提到活动是关于世界七大奇迹的评选，因此选B项。

25． Which wonder is in Europe? A．The Great Wall. B．The Colosseum. C．The Taj Mahal. D．The Machu Picchu.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。题目问哪一项奇迹位于欧洲。浏览选项时首先排除A项，中国的“长城”，其他3个选项根据听音来筛选。录音特别提到“The only site in Europe selected was the Colosseum”，再对比选项可选出答案。

听力原文： The U. S. Treasury Department says Macau is now set to unblock frozen North Korean funds, in a possible breakthrough in the efforts to dismantle Pyongyang’s nuclear program. The Treasury has issued a statement which also said Washington would support the decision by authorities in Macau to release

the 25 million dollars in North Korean assets now frozen in a Macau hank. Earlier, top U.S. nuclear negotiator Christopher Hill described as “positive” reports that North Korea will allow UN inspectors into the country as soon as the financial dispute is resolved.

26． How much funds would be released from Macau bank in the effort to settle nuclear problem in North Korea?

A．$250,000 B．$2,500,000 C．$25,000,000 D．$250,000,000

正确答案：C

27． What will North Korea do if the financial trouble is resolved? A．Transfer the money to a Korea bank. B．Invest more funds in nuclear program.

C．Negotiate with UN about dismantling nuclear program. D．Allow UN inspectors into North Korea.

正确答案：D

听力原文： Stocks climbed at Tuesday’s opening bell, boosted by technology shares, as last week’s momentum swept over into a new week with the help of a handful of reassuring corporate outlooks. The Dow Jones industrials rose 75 points, or 0.96 percent, to 7,984. The Standard & Poor’s 500 added 7 points, or 0.95 percent, to 84The Nasdaq Composite jumped 17 points, or 1.30 percent, to 1,327. Wall Street was shut on Monday for the President’s Day holiday, and investors returning to work on Tuesday in parts of the Eastern United States found commutes longer. A blizzard closed major airports, stranded thousands of travelers and buried much of the Northeast under several feet of snow.

28． Which of the following stock indexes got the highest rising percentage, more than 1%?

A．The Dow Jones industrials: B．The Standard & Poor’s 500. C．The Nasdaq Composite. D．None of the above.

正确答案：C 解析：本题问的是关于华尔街股票市场的股票指数走势情况，有道琼斯工业指数、标准蒲尔500指数和纳斯达克综合指数。The Dow Jones industrials rose 75 points, Or 0.96 percent, to 7,984. The Standard & Poor’s 500 added 7 points, or 0.95 percent, to 84The Nasdaq Composite jumped 17 points, or 1.30 percent, to 1,327．周二

29． According to the news, the New York Stock Exchange A．opened on Monday even though it was snowing. B．did not open on Monday because of closed airports. C．did not open on Monday because of heavy snow. D．did not open on Monday because of a holiday.

正确答案：D

解析：本题是细节题。华尔街股票市场周一没有开市是因为有总统节：Wall Street was shut on Monday for the President’s Day holiday．

听力原文： WHO officials say most of the deaths result from lack of skilled care during pregnancy and childbirth and lack of clean conditions. Many babies would survive with safe birthing methods, good nutrition, vaccines against disease and good care at home. The disease AIDS is also an increasing threat to both mothers and their children. Experts say many deaths could be prevented by using medicines during childbirth that prevent mothers from passing the AIDS virus to their babies. The WHO says governments and the international community need to make the health of women and children a more important issue. Last year, nations approved Millennium Development Goals for the year two thousand fifteen. They agreed to work to reduce the number of women dying in childbirth by three-quarters. They also promised to reduce the number of child deaths by two-thirds.

30． Many deaths during childbirth could be prevented by the following methods EXCEPT ______.

A．by passing virus to the babies B．by using medicines

C．by improving health condition D．by vaccine inoculation

正确答案：A

31． By the year 2015, the number of women dying in childbirth is hoped to be reduced by ______.

A．2/3 B．3/4 C．1/2 D．1/3

正确答案：B

PART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.

Why is every company so much interested in the process of customer

satisfaction? The answer is rather simple—the customer purchases the good or in other words gives monetary【C1】______ of the good he chooses. The more customers purchase—the better is for the company, as its capital growth.【C2】______the growth of the number of customers is【C3】______for each company. As the level of satisfaction【C4】______from customer to customer, it is important for each company to have specific components of customer satisfaction in order to【C5】______ a mass satisfaction result. Proper components are the【C6】______of customers purchasing from a company and【C7】______ their purchase decision over again, as customer satisfaction and loyalty are the direct reflections of the brand loyalty factors, certain emotional【C8】______ or other external reasons. Measuring the level of customer’s satisfaction is rather hard and the results may be sufficiently【C9】______. Customer satisfaction constantly needs a target to be aimed at,【C10】______the “ requirements “ of the contemporary customer change from day to day. 【C11】______the “satisfaction” information is obtained by the means of either telephone or an Internet-survey. It【C12】______be noted that these two ways of obtaining information are the major marketing prediction【C13】______. Such surveys are rather accurate and reveal the customer loyalty of each【C14】______ company. Customer satisfaction measurements help the companies build their customer-strategies based on the strengths and the weak spots of each good that【C15】______it from obtaining high level of customer’s satisfaction and loyalty.【C16】______of the customer’s loyally revealed on the early stages of satisfaction measurements helps to【C17】______a good to a more corresponding market position.【C18】______ customer’s loyalty has one other important element【C19】______ is the knowledge of what customers think about the brand, the brand’s specific product and results【C20】______a correct marketing strategy decision-making.

32． 【C1】 A．equivalent B．substitute C．institution D．reservation

正确答案：A

解析：名词辨析题。句意为：答案十分简单，即顾客购买货物，或者换言之，为他挑选的货物付出金钱等价物。根据原文和相关背景知识，人们在购买货物的时候需要付钱，而钱的数量应是与货物等价的，因此选择equivalent“等价物”。institution“机构”和reservation“储备”显然不符合上下文语境，可先排除；而substitute“替代品”是指功能和用途上可互棚替换的东西，并不是价值相当的物品，因此也不合句意，应排除。

33． 【C2】 A．Therefore B．Whereas

C．Moreover D．Hereafter

正确答案：A

解析：副词辨析题。句意为：因此，客户数量的增长对于每一个公司而言都是至关重要的。本题所需副词位于句首，功能类似于连接词，因此需分析前后两句问的逻辑关系方能解题。前一句指出，客户数量越多，公司越能受益，资本可以增长。后一句则指出客户数量的增长对每一个公司都很重要，可见两句间为因果关系，故选择therefore“因此”。whereas“然而”、moreover“此外”和hereafter“此后”分别表示转折关系、并列关系和时间关系，均不符合原文，排除。

34． 【C3】 A．costly B．desirous C．profitable D．vital

正确答案：D 解析：形容词辨析题。句意同上。前一句提到顾客数量越多，资本增长越快，公司受益越大。可见，顾客数量的增长对公司而言是十分重要的，vital“至关重要的”符合文意。此处文章提到的是顾客增长的益处，没有涉及花费，故排除costly“昂贵的”；顾客数量的增长本身不可能产生利润，故profitable“有利可图的”不能与主语搭配，也排除；而desirous“渴望的”似与文意相合，但其主语应是有意识的人，而不是客观事物，因此也不合题意。

35． 【C4】 A．shifts B．differs C．ranges D．increases

正确答案：B

解析：动词辨析题。句意为：由于每个顾客的满意度不同，因而对每个公司而言，了解客户满意度的具体构成因素以期达到最大的满意效果就十分重要。根据与后文中的from customer to customer的搭配关系和上下文语境，可知此处应选择differs“不同”。其余各项均可与from…to…结构搭配，但表示的意义分别是“转变”、“范围是”和“增长”，都不合文意，因此应排除。

36． 【C5】 A．pursue B．achieve C．analyze D．announce

正确答案：B

解析：动词辨析题。句意同上。每个公司都希望能拥有更多客户，因此必须最大程度地让客户满意，获得最满意的效果，因而此处的动词应表示“获取”之意，因此achieve为答案。analyze“分析”和announce“宣称”显然不合文意，较易排除；而pursue“追求”似有一定合理性，但文章在此处更强调结果而不是意愿或过程，排除。

37． 【C6】 A．premises B．incentives C．starts D．outcomes

正确答案：A

解析：名词辨析题。句意为：正确的满意度要素是客户从一个公司购买货物并多次重复其采购行为的前提，因为客户的满意与忠诚是品牌忠诚因素、一定的情感驱动和其他外部原因的直接反映。根据上文，弄清楚客户满意的构成因素对每一个公司都很重要。因此，弄清客户满意的构成要素是促使他们购物的前提或基础，故premises为答案。incentives“动机”和outcomes“后果”不符合上下文语境，排除；starts“开端”意义易与“前提”相混淆，但原文侧重的是条件，而不是事件的起点，故排除。

38． 【C7】 A．thinking B．reaching C．repeating D．affirming

正确答案：C

解析：动词辨析题。句意同上。根据本句中的副词短语over again，可知此处强调动作的重复性，repeat意为“重复”，可以与decision搭配。think不能直接接名词；reach和affirm虽均可与decision搭配，但分别表示“经过商讨等做出决定”和“确认某个已经做出的决定”，均不符合上下文语境，因此都应排除。

39． 【C8】 A．customers B．traders C．drivers D．markers

正确答案：C

解析：名词辨析题。句意同上。本句中as之后的部分分析客户忠诚度和满意度的影响因素，除了品牌忠诚因素和其他外部原因以外，还有情感因素的影响，而这种因素是会导致客户做出购物决定的诱因。四个选项中，只有drivers能与

factors和reasons并列，并且可表示“驱动，动因”之意，故为答案。customers“顾客”、traders“贸易商”、markers“记分员”均不能与factors和reasons并列，排除。

40． 【C9】 A．casual B．various C．mistaken D．unforeseen

正确答案：A

解析：形容词辨析题。句意为：测试客户满意度难度很大，且其结果可能会具有很大的随机性。根据上句信息，客户满意度受到多种因素的影响，这可能是测试满意度难度大的原因，同时因素多就可能导致测试结果小准确，随机性大，故casual“随便的”最为合适，符合前后文逻辑。原文并没有对满意度测试予以全盘否定，因此其结果不可能是完全错误的，故排除mistaken；上文并没有提出要对满意度进行预测，故排除unforeseen“未预见到的”；various“各种各样的”有一定干扰性，但原文所要表达的意思是由于测试干扰因素而引起的结果波动或出现偏差，不是指会有各种不同的结果，故排除。

41． 【C10】 A．until B．unless C．so

D．because

正确答案：D

解析：逻辑衔接题。句意为：客户满意通常需要定位一个目标，因为同一客户的“要求”每天都会发生变化。空格前指出有一个目标定位，空格后指出客户要求的变化性。两者的关系是，由于客户要求多变，要做到让客户满意，就必须有一定目标，不然就会失去方向。故两句间为因果关系，because符合文意。until表示时间关系，unless表示条件，可先排除；而so虽也可表示因果，但是与原句的因果关系恰好相反，因此也排除。

42． 【C11】 A．Certainly B．Ultimately C．Ordinarily D．Presently

正确答案：C

解析：副词辨析题。句意为：通常情况下，“满意度”信息是通过电话或网上调查的方式获得的。根据后面一句中的these two ways…are the major marketing…，可知本句所说的两种方式是主要的信息收集方式，也就是最常用的

手段，因此ordinarily”通常”为答案。certainly“当然”、ultimately“最终”和presently“当前”均不符合上下文语境，排除。

43． 【C12】 A．may B．must C．can D．will

正确答案：B

解析：情态动词题。句意为：必须指出，这两种获取信息的方式是市场预测主要的信息来源。根据上下文，作者在此处语气确定地强调电话和网络调研的重要性，因此这里的情态动词应可传达出这种确定无疑和强调的语气，可见must为最佳答案。may和can或表示推断或表示许可，均不合文意；will除了表示即将发生外，作情态动词时主要强调主观意愿，不符合此处客观陈述的语气。

44． 【C13】 A．examples B．targets C．materials D．sources

正确答案：D

解析：名词辨析题。句意同上。根据前文所述，公司需通过电话和网络调研的方式了解客户满意度，从而设法满足客户的需求。换言之，它们利用调研获取的信息进行市场预测，因此这些信息获取手段是市场预测的“来源”，故sources为答案。examples“范例”、targets“目标”和materials“材料”均不符合上下文语境，都应排除。

45． 【C14】 A．established B．chosen C．related D．given

正确答案：D

解析：动词辨析题。句意为：这样的调研是非常准确的，能够揭示出每个特定公司的客户忠诚度。本文是在介绍一种商界普遍存在的现象，并没有对什么样的公司才受到客广满意度影响进行限定，因此只有选择giyen，与each连用才可表示“任意特定的”之意。establish“建立”、choose“选择”、relate“涉及”对公司的特征或范围进行了限定，不符合原文语境，均应排除。

46． 【C15】 A．infers

B．deprives C．prevents D．obstructs

正确答案：C

解析：动词辨析题。句意为：客户满意度测试帮助公司在了解商品优势和阻碍其获得较高满意度和忠诚度的不足之处的基础上，确立它们的客户服务策略。本空位于that引导的定语从句之中，用于修饰名词spots。由于谈论的是商品的不足之处，必然会是阻碍商品获得高满意度和忠诚度的，故prevents为答案。infers“推理”和deprives“剥夺”不符合本句语境，易排除；obstructs汉语意义虽为“妨碍”，但其意义是“刻意设置障碍”，而本文讨论的是客观结果，因此也应排除。

47． 【C16】 A．Vulnerability B．Evaluation C．Features D．Conditions

正确答案：A

解析：名词辨析题。句意为：如能及早通过满意度测试发现客户忠诚度方面的弱点，就能据此替换成更适合市场需求的商品。上一句谈到商品的弱点会阻碍商品获得较高的满意度和忠诚度，本句承接上句意思，指出及早发现弱点有助于做出改进。四个选项中只有vulnerability“弱点”与前一句中的weak spots意义相近，从而可保持前后句的逻辑一致性，故为答案。evaluation“评估”、feature“特征”和condition“条件”不能与前一句形成呼应，均应排除。

48． 【C17】 A．remove B．retain C．replace D．release

正确答案：C

解析：动词辨析题。句意同上。了解商品的弱点，知道客户对某一商品忠诚度为何不高，目的当然是让商品更贴近市场需求，或“替换”成能满足市场需求的产品，故replace符合文意。remove“消除”和retain“保留”均不符合后文的to a more corresponding market position，易排除；release表示“发布，上市”，一般用于新产品，而不是在发现问题后对已有产品进行修正，因此排除。

49． 【C18】 A．Keeping B．Tracking C．Managing

D．Cultivating

正确答案：B

解析：动词辨析题。句意为：追踪调查客户的忠诚度还有另外一个很重要的因素，那就是是否了解客户对品牌和品牌旗下产品的看法，并由此做出正确的市场决策。本段提到通过电话和网络调查来获取客户关于产品满意度和品牌忠诚度的信息，这些调查是经常实施的，可见这是公司在对客户忠诚度进行“追踪”，故用tracking。了解客户的信息本身并不足以“保持”或“培养”其忠诚度，因此排除keeping和cultivating；而除了获取信息以外，文章并没有谈到如何对客户忠诚度进行“管理”，故排除managing。

50． 【C19】 A．what B．who C．as D．which

正确答案：D

解析：定语从句题。句意同上。分析句子的语法结构，连词前为一个名词，而连词后的句子说明其具体的内容，判断为定语从句。该从句缺乏主语，且先行词为事物，因此which为答案。what，who，as均不符合本句的语法结构，排除。

51． 【C20】 A．from B．in C．of D．for

正确答案：B

解析：介词辨析题。句意同上。获取客户信息，分析其忠诚度、满意度因素的目的是做出正确的市场决策，以便扩大客户群，售出更多商品。可见and之前的部分与a correct marketing strategy decision—making之间是因果关系，而只有in与result搭配，才能表示“结果是……”的含义。of和for不能与result搭配，先排除；而result from是说明起因的，因此也不合文意。

PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

52． The reason is______I missed the bus. A．that B．when C．why D．what

正确答案：A

53． He slipped and the wine______all over his coat, which was given as a present on his birthday party.

A．spilt B．split C．spun D．spoiled

正确答案：A

解析：动词形似义异辨析。spilt是spill的过去式，表示“(由于不小心使液体)溢出，泼出，溅出”的意思，如：Make sure the water doesn’t spill over the floor．千万别让水洒到地板上。 知识模块：动词辨析

54． ______ more important, not only the lost cities were recovered, but the new cities were built.

A．That is B．It is C．Because D．What is

正确答案：D

解析：固定搭配题。习惯表达what is more important在句中作为插入语，表示“更为重要的是”。 知识模块：语法与词汇

55． That jewelry shop is reported ______ in broad daylight yesterday. A．robbed

B．to be robbed

C．having been robbed D．to have been robbed

正确答案：D

解析：该句子是It is reported that．．．的变体，改为sth．is reported时后面接动词不定式．由于rob发生在谓语动作之前，因此要用动词不定式的完成时，答案为D。 知识模块：语法与词汇

56． I am not used______so much by his family. A．to being taken care of B．to take care of C．being taken care of D．to taking care of

正确答案：A

57． I’m feeling a little under the______; I think I’ve got flu. A．climate B．weather C．temperature D．atmosphere

正确答案：B

解析：under the weather意为“身体不舒服，有点儿小病”，是固定用法。 知识模块：介词短语

58． Looking around the small village, he felt as though he ______ from an evil dream.

A．woke B．wakes

C．would wake D．had woken

正确答案：D 解析：考查as if/as though引导的状语从句中虚拟语气的使用。as if/as though“好像，仿佛”引导的方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。本题主句中的felt表明是对过去虚拟，所以要用had woken。又如：We felt as if we had witnessed the whole thing. (我们觉得好像亲眼目睹了这一切似的。)

59． John made ______ keys for the house: one for his wife and one for himself. A．deviate B．duplicate C．delicate D．diligent

正确答案：B

解析：deviate意为“背离，偏离”；duplicate意为“复制，使加倍”；delicate意为“精美的，雅致的”；diligent意为“勤勉的，勤奋的”。

60． ______ comes back first is supposed to win the prize. A．Those who B．Anyone C．Whoever D．The one who

正确答案：C

解析：Whoever意为“无论谁”，在此引导主语从句，语意比Those与who引导的定于从句更强烈

61． Who would you rather______with you, George or me? A．going B．to go

C．have gone D．went

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查“would rather十从句”的用法。“would rather十从句”，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型，谓语一般用过去时表示现在或将来，在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。因此本题应选[D]。

62． I _______________ until he told me to. A．left

B．didn’t leave C．hadn’t left D．would leave

正确答案：B

63． The man was rewarded with a total sum of twenty thousand dollars for his great contribution and ___________ to the company.

A．royalty B．loyalty C．facility D．festivity

正确答案：B

64． Could you just give me a hand? Let’s ______the car into motion; it got a flameout just now.

A．shove B．nudge C．prompt D．poke

正确答案：A

解析：shove 推，nudge 用肘轻推，prompt 促使，poke 捅。

65． The two statements are not consistent ______ each other. One of them must be false.

A．in B．for C．with

D．to

正确答案：C

解析：根据固定搭配be consistent with的意思是：与……一致的，因此答案是C。

66． ______ any film before, his first attempt was a great success. A．Though having never directed B．Despite he had never directed C．As he had never directed

D．In spite of his never having directed

正确答案：D

解析：关联词辨析题。选项D in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”，后面接名词或名词性短语，引导出状语。选项A 没有主语或逻辑主语；选项[引是原因状语从句；选项B 中despite是介词，不能引导状语从句。

67． His nationality isn’t ______ to whether he is a good lawyer. A．concerning B．dependent C．connecting D．relevant

正确答案：D

解析：be relevant to 相关的；be concerned with和……相关；be dependent on靠的；依赖的[(+on/upon)] I’ll never be dependent on anyone again; be connected with关于；与……有关His new book is connected with Africa．

68． Children of poor health are very _______ to colds in winter and should be taken care of particularly.

A．willing B．ready C．reluctant D．prone

正确答案：D

解析：be prone to易于。

69． You should know better than ______ the risk of gambling. A．to run B．running C．to have run D．ran

正确答案：A

解析：固定搭配题。 to know better than to do sth．是一个常见的表示责备的句型，意为“应该知道不该做某事”。

70． It is absurd that women ______ be paid less than men for doing the same work.

A．are to B．ought C．would D．should

正确答案：D

解析：此题考查的是it is absurd that＋从句是虚拟语气的用法，是should＋动词原形。因此正确答案是D。

71． It has been proposed that we ______ our decision until the next meeting. A．delayed B．delay C．can delay D．are to delay

正确答案：B 解析：句意：有人建议我们应将我们的决定推迟到下次会议作出。在suggest，propose，demand，insist等动词后面的宾语从句中，应使用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气。

72． Mary ______ that the purchase had been a mistake. However, she didn’t. A．ought to acknowledged

B．ought to have acknowledged C．should acknowledge

D．should be acknowledging

正确答案：B

解析：虚拟语气题。ought to have acknowledged是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。

73． ______ everything taking into consideration, the solution offered by the Dean is relatively feasible.

A．Since B．For C．As D．With

正确答案：D

解析：介词用法题。独立分句结构前可以加介词with，作用与原独立主格结构相同。

74． It is believed that the beauty of the valley is beyond ______. A．compare B．comparing C．contrast D．resemblance

正确答案：A

解析：词组beyond compare：无以伦比。 75． Little Johnnie really ______ his father; they both have blue eyes, brown hair and a broad forehead.

A．looks after B．takes after C．seeks after D．runs after

正确答案：B

76． If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ______ . A．receipt B．recipe

C．subscription D．prescription

正确答案：D

解析：prescription处方；subscription订(书刊)。

77． The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, ______by the police each time.

A．had been captured B．being always captured C．only to be captured D．unfortunately captured

正确答案：C

解析：结果状语题。only to do(only to be done表被动)常出现在句末，一般用逗号与前面的分句隔开，用来说明前面分句描述的行为所产生的结果。因此，本题应该选择[C]。

78． Which of the following is INCORRECT? （2008年考试真题） A．All his lectures were boring.

B．Half his money was gone.

C．Her few friends are all fond of dancing. D．He invited many his friends to the party.

正确答案：D

解析：限定词位置题。根据语法规则，一个名词前的限定词只能按照前位，中位，后位的顺序出现，其中两个前位或两个中位限定词不能同时出现在同一个名词前面。many是后位限定词，而his是中位限定词，与限定词排序规则矛盾，故D为答案。A中all是前位，his是中位限定词，符合规则；同理，B中half是前位，his是中位限定词；C中her是中位，而few是后位限定词，皆符合语法规则。

79． When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right______. （2000年考试真题）

A．way B．track C．road D．lane

正确答案：D

解析：way意为“为了到达某个地点而要经过的地方，比较笼统、抽象”；track意为“不平坦的小路”，还可以指“铁轨，比赛的跑道等”；road指“大道，公路，通行的道路”；lane意为“公路上用黄线或白线划开的车道”。只有D符合句意。

80． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A．They each have two tickets. B．They cost twenty Yuan each.

C．Each they have bought the same book. D．They were given two magazines each.

正确答案：C

解析：用each表示“他们中每一个”应该用they each或each of them，C选项用法不当，故选C。

81． The crowd went______as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage. A．wild

B．emotional C．uncontrolled D．unrestricted

正确答案：A

解析：形异义近形容词辨析。go wild表示某人(行为)疯狂，或者表示狂怒。本题迷惑项为C项uncontrolled，意为不受控制的，但该词多用作定语，如

uncontrolled emotions／behaviour／weeping；D项unrestricted，表示不受限制的，没有限制的，自由的；B项emotional，表示令人激动的，亦表示情绪激动的，但不与go搭配使用。本题选择A。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Online Price Wars E-commerce customers feel that over 80 percent of their decision to purchase or not reside in issues beyond their online experience according to a research based on interviews with 976 active customers of various top performing e-commerce companies (excluding travel) including Amazon. com, AOL-Time Warner, and Yahoo. What’s really important to customers is brand performance. Current, former and potential customers were asked to describe their ideal e-commerce company vis- a-vis a subset of the top e-commerce companies. Of the five functional attributes customers use to evaluate e-commerce companies, the Clicks Interaction driver makes up only 15 percent of decision-making. The Clicks driver incorporates all aspects of the customer’s online experience, including pricing, customer support, the quality of offerings, and mistake rectification. Brand Performance topped the list (35 percent), followed by Financial Longevity (18 percent), Strategic Direction (17 percent) and Clicks Interaction (15 percent). These five attributes, or drivers, make up 100% of a customer’s decision to purchase from a site or not. Customers recognize the value of a well-performing brand and today’s top e-commerce companies are clearly meeting their expectations — a key to their success. According to the study, Amazon. com is the premier e-commerce company, having translated its Brand Performance into value on the Clicks Interaction. The research shows Amazon’s value here is essentially the equivalent of a retail

storefront, something that customers don’t see in the other e-commerce companies. Customers wholeheartedly agree that e-commerce companies need to better demonstrate their financial security. What’s more interesting is that customers do not necessarily equate financial resources such as revenue, net profits and market value with financial stability. Instead, customers see a company’s aggressiveness and ability to seize new markets as increasing their financial longevity. After analyzing 27 bricks & mortar and e-commerce market leading companies, customers ranked Oracle number one in terms of financial security, outperforming others such as AOL-Time Warner, Dell Computer and General Motors. Amazon and Barnesandnoble. com enjoy a high ranking on perceived financial security. E-Commerce customers are voting with their dollars, and the winners are companies that have shown their brand strength and ability to execute in a proven market space. With respect to Brand Performance, the study warns e-commerce companies currently evaluating the use of pop-up advertisements: Customers see the use of technology and marketing and advertising as being an inseparable part of the company’s brand.

82． The thing that most e-commerce customers are concerned about is A．their own online experience. B．brand performance.

C．their decision to purchase. D．percentage of the issues.

正确答案：B 解析：本题是细节题。第一段的最后一句话说明了人们最关心的问题：What’s really important to customers is brand performance。

83． Which of the following comes last out of the evaluation? A．Strategic Direction. B．Brand Performance. C．Clicks Interaction. D．Financial Longevity.

正确答案：C

解析：本题也是细节题。在第二段里作者指出了各个项目的百分比：Brand Performance topped the list (35 percent)，followed by Financial Longevity (18 percent)，Strategic Direction (17 percent) and Clicks Interaction (15 percent)．

The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you’ll be able to record your entire life electronically—anything a microphone or a camera can sense you’ll be able to store. In particular, the number of images a person captures in a lifetime is set to rise exponentially. The thousand images a year I take of my children on a digital camera are all precious to me. In a generation’s time, my children’s children will have total image documentation of their entire lives—a visual log of tremendous personal value. By then we’ll be wrestling with another question; how we control all the electronic devices connected to the Internet: trillions of PCs, laptops, palmpilots, cell phones and other gadgets. In Cambridge, we’re already working on millimeter-square computing and sensing devices that can be linked to the Internet through the radio net work. This sort of connectivity will expand dramatically as microscopic communications devices become dirt-cheap and multiply. Just imagine what the paint on the wall could do if it had this sort of communications dust in it; change color, play music, show movies or even speak to you. Falling costs raise other possibilities too. Because launching space vehicles is about to become very much cheaper, the number of satellites is likely to go up exponentially. There’s lots of space up there so we could have millions of them. And if you have millions of low-orbit satellites you can establish a global communications network that completely does away with towers and masts. If the satellites worked on the cellular principle so you got spatial reuse of frequencies,

system capacity would be amazing. Speech is so flexible that I expect voice communication to become almost free eventually: you’ll pay just a monthly fixed charge and be able to make as many calls as you want. By then people will also have fixed links with business contacts, friends and relatives. One day I anticipate being able to keep in touch with my family in Poland on a fibreoptic audio-video link; we’ll be able to have a little ceremony at supper-time, open the curtains and sit down “together” to eat. Cars are an interesting IT-platform because they have big batteries and lots of so far unconnected digital devices. Soon each one will be an entity on the Internet so your children can play interactive games while you’re traveling and your partner can deal with their email. And every lamppost could be on the Internet too—each one with sensors to monitor light, pollution, air quality and traffic flow.

84． What’s the central topic of the passage? A．IT-platform. B．Visual log.

C．Voice communication. D．Telecoms.

正确答案：D

解析：主旨题。本文第一段第一句“The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail，automobile or telephone revolution．”就指出了关键词组“The communications explosion”，下文主要讲述了在未来高度发达的电讯业可能引发的人们生活和工作中的巨大变化，因此[D]”电讯业”为正确答案。[A]”IT平台”在文中最后一段出现，是指汽车；[B]“可视记录”出现在第一段末，说的是“相片，影像”；[C]“有声通讯”是[D]的一部分，因此[A]、[B]和[C]均不合适。 知识模块：阅读

85． Which of the following is NOT among the functions of the communication dust according to the passage?

A．To monitor light. B．To change color. C．To show movies. D．To play music.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题按照文章最后一段末句“And every lamppost could be on the Internet too一each one with sensors to monitor light，pollution，air quality and traffic flow”，即未来电线杆的功能之一是检测公路上的照明，所以[A]不是通讯粉末的功能，故为正确答案。第二段最后一句提到了通讯粉末的功能：Change color([B])，play music([D])，show movies([C])or even speak to you。 知识模块：阅读

86． The future global communications network will be completely free

of______.

A．any breakdown B．costs

C．towers and masts D．manual operation

正确答案：C 解析：细节题、从文章第三段“And if you have millions of low—orbit satellites you can establish a global communications network that completely does away with towers and masts．”可知，未来的全球通讯网络将彻底淘汰那些转播塔和转播天线，因此[C]为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

87． What’s “cell phone “which is in American English in British English? A．Cellular phone. B．Mobile phone. C．Radiophone. D．Telephone.

正确答案：B

解析：语义题。cell phone(蜂窝电话)是美式英语，英式英语中是mobile phone(移动电话)，所以[B]为正确答案。[A]指“便携式电话”，美式英语；[C]是“光线电话”；[D]是“电话”。 知识模块：阅读

88． Which of the following is INCORRECT according to the passage? A．Voice communication becomes almost free eventually. B．Your children can play interactive games in the car. C．Spatial reuse of frequencies will be in trouble. D．Lamppost could monitor pollution and air flow.

正确答案：C 解析：推理题。文章第三段指出“If the satellites worked on the cellular principle so you got spatial reuse of frequencies，system capacity would be amazing”，所以[C]与原文内容不符，故为答案。[A]、[B]和[D]均可在文中第四、五段找到原句。 知识模块：阅读

Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries to trap his opponent’s king in a series of moves. On creating a lens, lens designers attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to converge on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as in chess, perfect

solutions to a problem are beyond reach. The same principles apply to all lenses. The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player. The designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the countless number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory, chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the designer’s job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lenses on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be mass-produced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today’s lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past. Moreover, their price may be lower, in spite of fact that the 19th century craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today’s lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.

89． In what way does lens design resemble chess? A．In the number of steps each takes towards the goal. B．In the designs of the two activities.

C．The steps to the goals and the goal itself are known. D．Each has a doer and a competitor.

正确答案：C 解析：细节理解题。这句话的意思为：达到目标步骤和目标本身都是已知的。第一段指出，设计透镜就像布棋局，下棋时，下棋者用一系列的步骤将死对手(trap his opponent’s king)；设计透镜时设计者通过使物体放射出的光线聚焦的方法“捕捉”光，这需要使光线通过一系列精密制作的透明的抛物面才能达到。因为在这两种活动中最终的目的和达到目的的方式已明确，所以人们很容易认为在达到目标的过程中，每一步都有一个最佳选择。

90． In lens design,_____.

A．it is completely impossible to preset the best steps along the way B．it is always very hard to solve any problems

C．one can work out a best solution to problems in each step D．there are countless steps towards the final goal

正确答案：A

解析：细节理解题。第一段最后三句指出：每走一步所可能产生的后果如果不能说是无穷无尽的(infinite)，至少也可以说是多不胜数。因此，正像下棋一样，设计透镜不可能有解决问题的完美方法，设计各类透镜都是如此(The same principles apply to all lenses)。意为：根本不可能在制作过程中预设出最佳步骤。

91． Compared with a chess player, lens designer_____. A．can put his design to mass production B．can draw on various sources in his work C．can reduce the cost of lens production

D．has no one to train him before taking up the work

正确答案：B

解析：细节理解题。第二段第一句指出，与下棋者相比，透镜的设计者有一大优势：他可以自由地运用手头上一切可利用的资源(call on any available source of help)，帮助他从无数可能性中做出选择。意为；在工作中可以利用各方面的帮助。

92． A lens designer in the past____. A．did their work better

B．did not use glass for making lenses C．was usually poor

D．designed the lens all by himself

正确答案：D

解析：细节理解题。最后一句指出，透镜设计者应该感谢科技的进步，因为它使得设计工作更易操作，应用更广泛，但是，他也有其哀叹的一面(he is also humbled)：完全由一个人设计出精良透镜的时代已经一去不复返了。本句意为：整个制作过程都是一个人干的。

93． What is the best title for the text? A．How to Play Chess B．Play Chess With Lens

C．Relationship Between Chess-playing and Lens-designing D．What Insight From Lens to Chess?

正确答案：C

解析：大意判断题。文章讲的是两者之间的异同，因此应该选C。

While American cities are synchronizing green lights to improve traffic flow and offering applications to help drivers find parking, many European cities are doing the opposite: creating environments openly hostile to cars. The methods vary, but the mission is clear—to make car use expensive and just plain miserable enough to tilt drivers toward more environmentally friendly modes of transportation. Cities including Vienna to Munich and Copenhagen have closed vast swaths of streets to car traffic. Barcelona and Paris have had car lanes eroded by popular bike-sharing programs. Drivers in London and Stockholm pay hefty congestion charges just for entering the heart of the city. And over the past two years, dozens of German cities have joined a national network of “environmental zones” where only cars with low

carbon dioxide emissions may enter. Likeminded cities welcome new shopping malls and apartment buildings but severely restrict the allowable number of parking spaces. On-street parking is vanishing. In recent years, even former car capitals like Munich have evolved into “ walkers’ paradises,” said Lee Schipper, a senior research engineer at Stanford University who specializes in sustainable transportation. “ In the United States, there has been much more of a tendency to adapt cities to accommodate driving,” said Peder Jensen, head of the Energy and Transport Group at the European Environment Agency. “Here there has been more movement to make cities more livable for people, to get cities relatively free of cars. To that end, the municipal Traffic Planning Department in Zurich has been working overtime in recent years to torment drivers. Closely spaced red lights have been added on roads into town, causing delays and angst for commuters. Pedestrian underpasses that once allowed traffic to flow freely across major intersections have been removed. Operators in the city’s ever expanding tram system can turn traffic lights in their favor as they approach, forcing cars to halt. Around Lowenplatz, one of Zurich’s busiest squares, cars are now banned on many blocks. Where permitted, their speed is limited to a snail’s pace so that crosswalks and crossing signs can be removed entirely, giving people on foot the right to cross anywhere they like at any time. As he stood watching a few cars inch through a mass of bicycles and pedestrians, the city’s chief traffic planner, Andy Fellmann, smiled. “Driving is a stop-and-go experience,” he said. “That’s what we like! Our goal is to reconquer public space for pedestrians, not to make it easy for drivers. While some American cities—notably San Francisco, which has “pedestrianized” parts of Market Street—have made similar efforts, they are still the exception in the United States, where it has been difficult to get people to imagine a life where cars are not entrenched.

94． The word “tilt” in Paragraph One probably means A．compel. B．motivate. C．persuade. D．guide.

正确答案：A 解析：语义题。直接定位至首段末句，此句是对前一句“creating environments openly hostile tocars”目的的说明，既然欧洲采取种种限制用车的措施，目的应该是迫使开车者转而乘坐公共交通工具，因此compel符合此处语境，故A为答案。

95． European cities take all the following measures EXCEPT A．parking restriction. B．traffic control. C．traffic fine. D．traffic toll.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。由题干中的cities定位至第二段。该段具体介绍了欧洲各城市限制汽车使用的办法，分别提到了限制汽车使用某些街道、鼓励自行车使用汽车道、城市中心收取高额拥堵费用。第三段还提及了减少停车位数量，只有交通罚款没有提及，故C为答案。

96． It can be inferred from the passage that

A．Munich used to suffer from severe traffic jams.

B．all the measures taken to restrict car use have taken effect. C．Lee Schipper was on the side of European cities. D．Peder Jensen accused of the United States’ practice.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。由选项中的Munich和Lee Schipper定位至第三段。根据该段末句，既然LeeSchipper认为慕尼黑变成了行人的天堂，而且他又是专门研究可持续性交通的专家，可以判断他认为欧洲城市采取的限制汽车的举措是好的，C符合文意，故为答案。

97． Which of the following statements is TRUE of Zurich? A．Bus drivers have priority over car drivers. B．Commuters protest against Zurich’s measures. C．Pedestrians are not allowed to use underpasses. D．Cars are forbidden to enter Zurich’s squares.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。由题干中的Zurich定位至第五段。根据该段末句中的电车司机可以将交通信号灯转换为让自己先通行的做法可以判断A符合文意。

98． The passage suggests that

A．San Francisco is planning to ban ears completely. B．most American cities facilitate car drivers. C．American people cannot live without cars. D．many exceptional efforts are made in America.

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。按照试题顺序及选项中的San Francisco定位至末段，该段指出旧金山规划了步行街，禁止汽车通过，但接着指出那在美国只是特例，由此可以判断绝大多数美国城市还是本文首句提到的“While American cities are synchmnizing green lights to improve traffic flow and offeringapplications to help drivers find parking”，由此可以判断B符合文意。

99． The best title for the passage is A．Worries of European Drivers.

B．Europe Discourages Drivers.

C．Contrast of European and American Drivers. D．American Cities’ Efforts to Ban Cars.

正确答案：B 解析：主旨题。本文开篇由美国城市的做法引出欧洲城市对开私家车的态度。第二段和第二三段具体介绍欧洲各城市采取的限制私家车使用的措施。第四段引用Peder Jensen的话，指出欧洲和美国的不同之处，引出第五段至第七段对苏黎世采取的限制私家车使用的具体措施的详细说明，末段呼应文章开头，指出部分美国城市虽然采取限制私家车使用的措施，但总体而言还是鼓励使用汽车。可见全文主旨是围绕欧洲的限车措施展开分析，故B为答案。

PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)

100． With even severer competition in the job market, a lot of university graduates choose to take some plastic surgery to perfect their appearance, thus enhancing their job opportunities. What is your opinion? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Is Plastic Surgery the Right Choice for Job Hunting ? You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state clearly what your view is. In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

正确答案： Is Plastic Surgery the Right Choice for Job Hunting? Among many reasons for people to undergo plastic surgery, the reason for hunting a good job is perhaps top on the list. In my opinion, it’s not a wise choice to make for the following reasons. Firstly, plastic surgery itself cannot help much in anything except for people’s appearance. It can never be an overall settlement to any problems. Take job-hunting as an example. Maybe, beauty does feast employers’ eyes, but what they value most is the candidate’s ability, and what they need is a person who can do their job right rather than a beauty incapable of their post. To enhance the chance of being hired, one needs to improve themselves all round—their knowledge, communication skills, teamwork spirit, etc, which has nothing to do with appearance or plastic surgery. Secondly, plastic surgery is only a way to evade from the real problem, not the effective solution. Becoming beautiful can only solve one’s problems temporarily, which, by no means is a once-for-all settlement. Worse still, it might lead to people’s less willingness to make real efforts to solve their problems, which is detrimental to people’s long-term development both in work and in life. Moreover, given the risks of such operation, what would one do if the surgery fails? Whether or not to take plastic surgery is a very personal matter. However, I strongly go against it for the negative consequences it may bring about. What one needs to do is to

improve himself to be well-prepared for the opportunities. 涉及知识点：COMPOSITION

SECTION B NOTE-WRITING (10 MIN)

101． Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation: You are Peter/Mary. Last week you went to Beijing University and your friend Alex there helped you a lot during your stay. Write a note telling how grateful you are. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

正确答案： Sept. 1Dear Alex, I would like to thank you for the hospitality during my stay in Beijing University last week. You have showed me around and arranged so many interesting activities for me, which I think were the highlight of my trip. You have made the week unforgettable. Thanks so much. I hope you can visit my university some day. Mary

解析：这是一个致谢便条，可以从三个或四个方面地去写。一、对朋友的帮助表示诚挚的谢意。二、把朋友对你的帮助具体列出一至二个事例来称赞（如，带你到各处观光，给你提供住所，为你举行有趣的活动等等）。三、表达惜别之情（简短或此部分可以省略）。四、邀请朋友到你处做客或再次表示感谢（简短）。